Cytokine storm in COVID-19: from viral infection to immune responses, diagnosis and therapy.

Citation:

Yizhou Jiang, Rubin, Limor , Peng, Tangming , Liu, Linlin , Xing, Xingan , Lazarovici, Philip , and Zheng, Wenhua . 2022. “Cytokine Storm In Covid-19: From Viral Infection To Immune Responses, Diagnosis And Therapy.”. International Journal Of Biological Sciences, 18, 2, Pp. 459–472. doi:10.7150/ijbs.59272.

Abstract:

The COVID-19 outbreak is emerging as a significant public health challenge. Excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, also known as cytokine storm, is a severe clinical syndrome known to develop as a complication of infectious or inflammatory diseases. Clinical evidence suggests that the occurrence of cytokine storm in severe acute respiratory syndrome secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is closely associated with the rapid deterioration and high mortality of severe cases. In this review, we aim to summarize the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the subsequent immunological events related to excessive cytokine production and inflammatory responses associated with ACE2-AngII signaling. An overview of the diagnosis and an update on current therapeutic regimens and vaccinations is also provided.